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Over The Transom

6/2/2019

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By James L Hill a.k.a J L Hill

You could say that I was in the publishing business since my early twenties… loosely. I took the ‘over-the-transom’ approach to getting published back then. After sending several manuscripts through the mail and receiving standard rejection letters in return, I decided to take a more direct approach. I worked as a newspaper delivery boy for the Wall Street Journal for the express purpose of gaining access to the publishing houses’ offices in Manhattan.
I looked up the magazine and book publishers I wished to contact in the Writer’s Marketplace as before, but instead of mailing to the Fiction Editor or Sci-Fi Dept, I would go to the offices that were on my route or close-by and learn the person’s name in charge. After addressing my package correctly, I slid it through their door. They don’t exactly have transoms anymore, but if they do, they have in all likelihood been sealed shut for decades.
Over-the-transom is a reference to bypassing the standard business practice and tossing your unsolicited material directly into the publisher’s office. Hence, by slinging those fifty pounds of newspapers on my back every night, I was able to sidestep the building’s doorman, the first line of defense, the mail-room clerk, whose job was to stuff the SASE with the standard rejection notes, and possibly the editor/publisher’s assistant to get my work directly to the person I wanted.
Did it work? Well, I received personal rejection letters in some cases, so I counted those as successes. My point is, as a writer, you should be willing to try everything possible to get published. As a publisher... I got a PO Box, as I do not fancy people showing up at my door in the dead of night to toss their latest and greatest over my transom, which fortunately, I do not have either. But there is a better idea.
If you are unknown, reach out to the independent publisher like me; but do so in the correct way. Technically speaking, there are three forms of publishers; the big boys, Random House, Penguin, etc., or as they are known, traditional publishers; the independents, such as myself, RockHill Publishing LLC, and the self/vanity publishers in the vein of Xlibris and Author House. Do not be fooled, some self-publishing houses are little more than vanity presses. They will print anything and usually for a sizable sum. You should not have to pay for your own publishing.
Indie publishers are more like the big boys. Some are in fact subsidiaries of a parent company operating independently on a lower scale and for a particular genre, thus the name. Others, like RockHill, were conceived not to merely publish one’s own writing but also that of those who produce exceptional work in the same genres. We, like the big houses, follow the same rules, scrutinize the work’s quality, and ask the same question, is it sell-able? But unlike them, we are not tightly bound to hitting home runs. Therefore, we take more chances.
Major houses look at what is selling presently and say, “give me more of the same.” They are willing to put out ten books of the same type that sold last year, in the hope that one will sell again this year. Plus, they have a set stable of writers, whom they support with much fanfare, and aim for their names to remain recognizable to the readers who buy these authors regularly. As a result, traditional publishers are slow to change and rigid in their requirements.
An indie publisher is more flexible; we can take a swing at the curve ball without fear of it being a strike. First, we deal in smaller margins and you are not getting a large advance, if any, from an indie publisher. We do limited runs, numbering anything from ten to a hundred, and naturally, on-demand printing. You will also be required to foot the bill for your own publicity work. But do not assume that is an automatic minus to your name.
For example, a big house gives you an advance of say, $10,000.00. I know, sounds quite generous. They then set up interviews/readings/signings, and fully expect you to show up without further payments – after all, you already have ten grand to get started – and you will not make any more money until your book sales surpass that mark. As a result, you oblige and go do whatever they have set up.
On the other hand, an indie publisher may send you some copies of your book to hawk, and if you require a larger quantity, you must purchase them. So, if they set up interviews or readings/signings, it is true that you have to cover the expenses yourself, but looking at it logically, you realize that it is basically the same procedure as with the big players anyway. Therefore, it behooves you to go, because you will not make money if you do not.
Indie publishers are popping up all the time. In fact, many writers are choosing to become publishers as well to get their own work in print; others are doing it to share the load and cost. If they are a true publishing house or trying to be, then, they will be looking for two to five authors to publish each year. For that reason, the benefit of finding and working with an indie publisher is that he is inherently focused on your book and success just as you are, because it means his own success. So, do your due diligence.
Most traditional publishers pay close to nothing until you prove yourself. On the other hand, Indie publishers print less at a time but can often offer better royalties than the large houses, but likewise, should not charge for editing or publishing. Do your homework and send only to those who are looking for writers in your genre. Edit and prepare your work meticulously and follow the publishers’ directions.
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The Evolution of Storytelling

5/26/2019

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by Athina Paris

Since time immemorial people have been sharing stories. However, the way they told tales in times past has changed considerably in comparison to how we do so presently. Back in the day—centuries to millennia ago—the only way they knew how to communicate and share exploits was orally.
 
When groups of people first gathered in caves, they could hardly be called communities. Sure, they banded together for safety, hunting power, and helped raise each other’s offspring, but they were not yet connected by any specific thread. There were no races, tribes, or distinct cultures; much less what we call civilization.
 
It is a fascinating fact that one of the primary things people did around fires was to describe their daily adventures; a successful mammoth hunt, narrowly escaping a saber-tooth tiger, falling off a cliff while trying to outrun a stampeding herd of buffalo. These exchanges were more a retelling of events than stories but they brought individuals and groups together, and helped create ties that bound them into collectives.
 
Their narratives did not have real plots, tension lines, climaxes or traditional endings as we know them today, as their oral exchanges were impartations of facts, but along the way, they also became conveyances of historic events—forerunners gathering the knowledge we share today. And there were no peripeteias (turning points) in their tales, and neither were there happy endings nor tragic ones.
 
Shared stories created two ways of thinking, paradigm and narrative. And whereas paradigm is often associated with set ideas that suddenly look at a new aspect on how to do things differently, narrative thinking comes across in connected and structured waves. Even back then we could already see the fundamental scientific brain at work—invention of the wheel, and the emergence of a creative spirit; cave paintings—as they shared individual and combined sequences of events.
 
As oral accounts began to evolve, memory and dramatization started playing a larger role. This implies that not only did the narrator remember his tale and recount it numerous times, but so did his audience, who doubtless habitually asked for a favourite to be repeated. And it must have been around this time too that storytellers felt the need to create reminders; just in case the details escaped them. Hence why a substantial number of cave paintings exist around the world.
 
When the narrator looked at that wall, he was instantly reminded of his adventures’ details, which began sounding better at every subsequent retelling, for not only was he digging into his long-term memory but he started elaborating in a way that crossed between realism and fantasy. It must have been then too that fish tales were invented, as raconteurs began making use of rhyme, rhythm, song, and dramatics, which further helped carve the memory into the minds of the riveted audience. As mentioned briefly, storytelling and history became a melting pot of fact and fiction.
 
As these events became common, so did record keeping as an essential part of each distinct group, for now they could be called tribes, and cultures were springing up and passing on at a rapid rate. Again, paradigm thinking struck; the first writing came into being. Certainly, cuneiform looks complicated to modern humans, but this system developed over 5500 years ago by the Sumerians of Mesopotamia was a godsend. They could now record daily life and historical events, but as all natural evolutions tend to, it is also possible that a creative soul wrote a couple of love letters and a few stories, even if they could not be too long; imagine going to book club with those heavy carved tablets.
 
After the Sumerians, came the Egyptians, then Indians, Chinese, Greeks, Romans, the Mayans… and all developed their own writing methods, as multitudes of early manuscripts routinely reflect scribes’ preponderance to directly record oral accounts, unlike today’s prevalence of complete fiction. It wasn’t until the Renaissance that the western novel appeared, albeit still mostly record keeping of our ancient verbal traditions. But in the 17th century, true novels materialized; think Don Quixote, Paradise Lost, and Othello. Finally, fictional prose was no longer oral, as it had become long and complicated. It needed the book.
 
Through centuries of oral storytelling and the occasional etched stone or engraved scroll, we developed a taste for specific kinds of tales and Joseph Campbell (1904–1987) set it out beautifully in his 1949 The Hero with a Thousand Faces, as he expounded on his Monomyth (one myth) concept, which is the theory that suggests that all fictional narratives are variations of one single story, that a common pattern exists regardless of origin, or time of creation. In other words, it refers to the classical hero’s journey, which splits into three distinct acts. Breaking it down further, it translates into beginning, middle and end.
 
In romantic novels, but specifically the happy-ever-after kind, we call it the meet, lose, and get, which sounds frivolous but if writers do not follow the prototype they can end up with unsold copies as word of mouth travels faster than a forest fire. Understand, I am not saying every story has to have a happy ending but the formula has to be followed somewhat, whatever genre you write in.
 
From Science fiction to romance to thrillers there has to be an exposition, a confrontation, and a resolution, even if just momentary, for the tale could continue in book two or three. Every story needs to find its inciting incident, object of desire, the pursuit of that desire, and culminate in a climax that does them all justice.
 
I am certain that I’m not the only one who has come across books that do not fit the expected model. Instead, we have discovered thousands of words gathered into chapters that do not fit the classical mould, because instead, they are groups of events, sequences and scenes, but that is precisely what progression does; it changes and adapts styles and formulas.
 
Hence, the evolution of storytelling is thus; we have changed from mere narrators into intuitive creators, swing from fact to fiction, and move back and forth between the real world and whimsical ones among the pages. And the reader begs, “Lead me in, hook me with your prose, hold my interest with your turning point, and reward me with the best pay-off you could have possibly crafted.”
 

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Achieving Your Objectives

5/19/2019

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By James L Hill aka J. L. Hill
​
                When I started writing these blogs, I told myself I wouldn’t make it one long commercial for my writing. I want to give you, the reader, some useful information on writing, insight into what a writer thinks about as they work and how we view the world of science fiction, and other lofty goals. Now I do quote my own work because I don’t want to get into a copyright debacle over using someone’s work. We writers are like mothers of a newborn baby, proud and overprotective. When we ask you, what do you think of our work, what we really want is for you to smile and say ‘beautiful’. We want reviews not criticisms.
                I recently found myself in a discussion on just that, I thought one person was complaining about a negative review she received; however, she was more concerned that the reviewer didn’t spell check and correct her grammar in the review. She felt the reviewer didn’t take the time to craft a quality review which in her mind reflected poorly on her book. I have found myself in a similar situation with two reviewers of my book, Pegasus: A Journey To New Eden. They virtually said the same thing to me, however, one person wrote the review, and the other never finished reading the book.
                The first person disagreed with my style and said so, but was so compelled by the story and the way I told it, had to read it to the end. And he loved it. Now, I committed a major no-no in writing the book. I kept switching the point of view, abruptly at times, making the book difficult to read. I learned from an English teacher when you edit your own work turn it upside down and read it; it makes you concentrate on what you are reading. Pegasus was not meant to be a lighthearted story. Basically, I turned my book upside down to make it difficult to read, while I kept the story interesting to pull you through to the end, you must concentrate on what you are reading.
                The second reviewer couldn’t have disagreed with me more. No matter how interesting she felt the story was, she couldn’t get pass the unconventional style and quit half way though. No review was written. They both asked me consider rewriting they book and changing the style. I will not (ok I did some minor transition work). You see the book achieved its objective; it makes you think about the story. I guarantee neither person will take Pegasus lightly whether they liked it or not. Pegasus makes you think about the future, about human behavior, about technology and its use.
Readers who are looking for a light and easy read will probably not want to read this book. For those of you who are looking for a deeper and more thought provoking science fiction story will love it. And with that, I will tell you, I achieved my objective.

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World Building - Part III

5/12/2019

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​Science Fiction for the Ages

By James L. hill (aka J L Hill)

                When people think of Science Fiction they picture a distance future world with spaceships, laser death rays, and robot armies. It has been the bread and butter of the genre for many decades. But I challenge you to write a science fiction story in the Age of Kings, or The Bronze Age, or even in Ancient Greece.
                Before you yell, “been there, done that, and have the T-shirt to boot!” I’m not talking about time traveling, another staple of the sci-fi world. I am talking about building a world in the actual time period based upon the science of the day. For example, you heard the saying, ‘don’t bring a knife to a gunfight.” Suppose you write about the first person to bring a gun to a sword fight.
                It goes something like this. You’re a cannon maker; the king comes in your shop and says, “Your cannons are the best on the battlefield. But every time I get them set up and fire a few shots, my enemy moves and attacks from another direction. It takes hours to reposition my cannons and in the mean time my soldier are getting slaughtered.”
                You reply, “check out my latest invention, a personal cannon small enough for one man to handle, yet powerful enough to stop a man dead in his tracks.”
                “What do you call it?”
                “I named it after my son Gunter; I call it the Hand Gun.”
                How about building your world around ancient Greece and the Archimedes’ death ray? I know what you historical fiction writers are saying, “keep your hands off my genre!” But that’s only true if I write about Archimedes. If I write about one of the soldiers holding the mirrors, or how the mirrors works (A bit of history – the Romans sailed on Syracuse, Archimedes home state. He in turn built a giant mirror and used the power of the sun to incinerate their ships at sea. People have tried to prove or disprove the claim) you take it out of the realm of history and focus on the science. (Pun intended)
                So another important aspect of world building is the age in which you build your world. Sci-fiers do not limit your selves to a time far into the future. And you need not jump into your way back machine to write about the past. I loved the Mr. Peabody and Sherman cartoon when I was a kid. Imagine what it might have been like to stand in the sands of time and experience the first time a new invention was revealed.  If you concentrate on the ‘what’ and ‘how’, instead of the ‘who’ and ‘why’, then you are writing historical science fiction. You will build a world that exists in the mind and heart of the readers.
                Since world building is an integral part of science fiction, I will from time to time touch upon this subject with aspects that will help you create viable worlds for your characters to thrive in.
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World Building – Part II

5/5/2019

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By James L Hill (aka J L Hill)

                To write science fiction you must create two things in particular, an environment and people. In part one, we discussed creating environments. I spoke about building a multi-faceted environment. Now I tell you to apply that same logic when populating your worlds. Look around there are millions of life forms on Earth. Each one so different from one another it is hard to believe they all live on this one planet.
                Nothing is more disturbing then reading a story where this is a single creature until man shows up. I always ask myself what this thing did before Biff the Spaceman arrived. Did it just sit around saying, “I’m so hungry I wish some humans would come over for dinner”?
                You see if your world has a singular life form then it is either a cannibal or a plant. That is not very interesting. When I build my world, I make two charts, what is life like on a daily basis, and what is life like in the long term. Daily there are things to be considered such as, what does it eat; where and when does it sleep; is it sentient and cognizant of itself and its environment or does it act on instincts alone. In defining these aspects of daily life, you will have to create a varied ecosystem.
                On a long-term basis, I pose the questions is it a predator; is it the prey; is it both. We like to think of ourselves at the top of the food chain. But that is only true in our own environment. Once outside of it we quickly fall down the list, in the ocean we are prey to sharks and other predator fish. In the jungle, lions and other big cats have the upper hand. We humans rely on are superior knowledge and dexterity to maintain our edge. Where does your creation fit in its food chain and does it move from top to bottom outside its environment? What does it use to stay alive from day to day?
                Your creation – how does it grow, change, procreate and finally die? What other creatures help it throughout its life cycle? Life is a symbiotic existence. Life forms need other life forms support whether they know it or not. Add some supporting characters to your world. The Earth supports life forms from the microscopic to the multi-ton at the same time. Life forms have come and gone. Some have mutated into entirely new forms, while others have found their niche and dominated it for millions of years. Your worlds should be as diverse and teeming with life.
                When I start to build my world, I look at my fish tank. I have three or four different species of tropical fish, an algae eater, some snails, and couple of plants (some I am trying to get rid of – algae), rocks large and small (for the small fish to hide in – even though the fish don’t eat each other). In that little fifty-gallon tank there is a lot of life, I probably find out exactly how much if I was foolish enough to take a sip of its water. Then I take a look at my friend’s tank, the same size but with only one big fish. It hardly moves. Believe me that is no life, not even for a fish.

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World Building – Part I

4/28/2019

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By James L. Hill (aka J L Hill)

                World building is one of the major aspects of science fiction. Reviewers rate science fiction on how well the writer creates their worlds. So how do you create a world?
                If you are God, you create it in seven days. If you are not God, take a hint from Genesis, create light and darkness; create land and sea; create animal and bird; create man. As writers it is our job to play God and create worlds for our readers. Our readers expect us to take the same detailed approach as in Genesis and leave nothing out. So how do you create a world?
                I will cover this topic in two parts because it is that important to get it right, and it is too complicated to cover in a couple of quick sentences. World building means creating environments that life can thrive in as well as the life forms that inhabit it. In part one we will take a look at creating environments. The next part will cover creating life forms. Notice that I used the plural forms of environment and life form, not an accident; you need to create a multi-faceted world. Take a look around our world is light and dark, wet and dry, and full of life.
                Building your world will depend upon the story you are trying to tell. If you are telling a story about a desert society it shouldn’t be devoid of clouds or the occasional rain. I was in Egypt recently where it was mostly clear blue skies and blazing hot. But I was extremely grateful for the occasional passing cloud. Another important fact is that not all deserts are hot; the Gobi Desert annual mean temperature is 27.5 degrees Fahrenheit. Deserts are caused by lack of water not necessarily by heat; the Gobi is a desert mainly because the Himalayan Mountains block the rain off the Indian Ocean from reaching it.
                Let’s take a step back and look at the big picture, the planetary view. The expression - size matters - really matters when you are creating your world. The bigger they are the more gravity they have, the more massive everything on your world will need to be. Big planets have big heavy atmospheres, enormous pressure, and faster revolution and tend to be mostly gas. Smaller planets have a tendency to be composed of denser materials (rock and metal) move slower and have less gravitational pull. That is the norm. I call it the “bowling ball effect”. When you go bowling and use a heavy ball, sixteen or eighteen pounds, you have to throw it really hard to keep it going straight all the way down the lane. Slow moving balls will verve off into the gutter. A lighter ball will make it all the way to the pins with less effort. So the larger the planet the faster it must go to avoid being pulled into its star.
Also true planets are spherical, because after an object reaches a certain mass gravity crushes into a ball. I don’t think scientist have discovered any Jupiter size rocky planets yet. My theory is a rocky planet of that magnitude would be unstable and tear itself apart. (Again, my opinion, if someone knows differently I welcome information.) Think of a disc thrower, he spins around and around building up momentum until the disc is nearly pulled from his body. A large rocky body will build up momentum as it rotates and revolves, over time those forces will cause the world to fracture and break up as the lighter elements move faster and its denser counterparts drag behind.
                My point is - build a world so that it will stand up to the physical forces it will face. Build it on multiple levels; if the world is in a synchronous orbit around its star, one side will always face the sun and will always be hot. And the other side will be in total darkness and freezing cold. And if it has an atmosphere expects hurricane winds to ravage the surface constantly. Plan and write accordingly.
                Part II – Who shall inherit the Earth?

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Making sense out of science fiction

4/21/2019

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By James L. Hill
​
Sights, sounds, smells, taste, and touch are what connect us to the world. Our senses are the pathways to our mind’s reality, but it not by our senses alone that we determine what is believable and what is not. We filter those sensory inputs with what we have learned about the world around us. For example, we know light travel faster than sound, so when we see lightning we expect to hear the thunder soon afterward. This fact we learned in school and even before then through observation.
Why is this important? Because some science fiction writers forget the basic facts when constructing their stories, they mix up the speed of sound with the speed of light. Our minds rejects what we know cannot be true, subconsciously we start poking holes in the story until the whole thing falls apart and the reader is lost. One of my pet peeves is when the character hears the object falling from the sky and turns to see it explode or crash to the ground. This irks me for two reasons; first anything falling from space like a meteor will be traveling at supersonic speed. The persons wouldn’t hear it until long after it passes them.  Secondly, if they were close enough to hear the explosion or crash, depending on the size of the object (and in most sci-fi stories they are huge), the person would be killed by the shock wave that produce the sound of the explosion. Trust me; you wouldn’t want to be within walking distance of an event like that. The only way this scenario works is if the person sees the flash as the object enters the atmosphere, watches it streak miles over head and crash many miles from where they are, hearing only a low rumble of thunder.
Consider this passage from “The Rainmaker”, my short story about a crippled satellite:
                Suddenly there’s a blinding flash in the western sky. Thunder rocks the lonely outpost. Patrick hits the window across the room just in time to see a bluish comet streak out of view. Six men rush into the room. “I think we just located IAPTCS!”
                Ken Brooks is at the radarscope controls. “There’s nothing on the screen. I’m getting zero on the big dish. And I can’t pick it up on the remote units either.”
                “Impossible,” Patrick retorts, “that sat just passed over head no more than fifteen miles up. I’m sure of that!”

From this short exchange you see how sight and sound follow each other giving a realistic chain of events. The boom heard and felt is from the satellite traveling at supersonic speed, it the effect of the air being compressed and then rushing in to fill the vacuum left behind.
In other scenarios the boom is the object itself being blown to pieces as the friction heats it. Most objects that get pulled in by Earth’s gravity will burn up in the atmosphere, quickly, quietly, as shooting stars. It is the Earth natural defenses against intruders from outer space. These objects are small and are so high in the atmosphere the sound never reaches us at the surface, but they are quite beautiful to see. They go unnoticed because of the light we generate and radiate out into space from our city. Go out into the wilderness, away from the city lights and you will see them streaking across the night sky. When larger objects are pulled in they can be seen burning over the city lights, usually drawing our attention when they explode lower in the atmosphere and rain down as small fragments of a much large body. And if the body is too large to be destroyed they create a creator like Meteor Creator in Arizona. Or they cause a blast so powerful it flattens an entire forest like in 1909 Tunguska event. The possibility of there being any eyewitness account to those types of events is zero.
So in science fiction it is imperative to get the facts straight and in the correct order, sight before sound and the larger the event the less likely you will find an eyewitness to tell the story. It is okay to bend the rules, and in some cases necessary to break the laws altogether (you can’t get anywhere in the universe obeying the speed of light), but don’t ask me to throw out logical order of things and hear the thunder then see the lightning strike. 

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Allow Yourself Greatness

4/13/2019

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By James L Hill (aka J L Hill)
​The advice I hear most often giving to writers is you need to have thick skin, meaning prepare yourself for a life of being misunderstood, despair, and rejection. And although this is definitely the life of any writer, no matter how successful, it is not the best advice one could get. When asked about being a writer what one should do, I say, “Allow yourself greatness. And keep writing.”
This is a philosophy I developed a while ago while coaching kids in basketball and football. All of us have a fear of failure; it is powerful and can stop the strongest in their tracks.  I was told kids succeed because they do not have this fear. They learn it from us adults telling them how things will not work out for them. We plant the seeds of self-doubt and nourish it with “I told you so’s”. This is not entirely true, they do fear failure, it just not that crippling until we reinforce failure with ridicule.
However there is a greater fear that affects both children and adults alike. It is more powerful than the fear of failure, it can stop us from even getting started, and it is the fear of success. We will sabotage our own efforts because we don’t know what we will do if our plans actually work out. It is not learned, it is primal, and I learned this coaching a boy to be the quarterback of my six to eight-year-old football team.  He had a natural throwing motion that made it easy for him to throw good passes. But instead of throwing the ball on pass plays he pulls it down and runs. I asked him why he didn’t throw the pass to the wide open receiver his first response was, “what if I throw an interception.” After I convinced him there was no way the defense could have picked off the ball he said, “what if I threw it and we scored a touchdown.”
I realized that we may all want success, but there is that part of us that feels we are not deserving of it. Call it piety, humility, whatever, we feel success is good luck and not a product of hard work and perseverance.  We can deal with rejection and disappoint, but a little well-earned accolades is overwhelming. I’m telling you to learn to accept that you are great at what you do. If you are steadily practicing, improving, and bettering yourself than no matter what the critics may say You Are Great.
One of my heroes is Mohammed Ali (Cassius Clay, the boxer for those who may not know) because he was not only a great fighter but a better self-promoter.  He could out box a lot of opponents and outsmart the rest. And he wasn’t afraid to say so. He fought his way to the top multiple times both in the ring and out. It is no wonder he took on the title The Greatest.
Dream big, work hard, and allow yourself greatness and it will come to fruition. And as I told my eight year old quarterback, “If you don’t throw the ball, it won’t get intercepted, it won’t go for a touchdown, nothing will happen. And nothing is the worst thing that can happen.”
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Creative Writing

9/10/2016

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By James L Hill (aka J L Hill)
One of the last songs by Pink Floyd is Learning To Fly. It was well known that by the time the album, A Momentary Lapse of Reason, came out the band had broken up. This was their final piece of work together, the break-up had been a long time coming, and ugly. The song is not about somebody who is learning something new, but about finally giving in to a life-long desire. It is a finale.
First, we pick up the pen and write. In so doing, we fulfill a life-long desire. For some, it takes that long to decide finally to write that first book, for others, we start scribbling our epic tome just out of the cradle. But somewhere along the line we wonder, “Are we doing this right?” That is usually when we think that it is time to learn to fly.
Some people cannot even begin until they have been to school and learned the correct way through a creative writing course. Some take the course because they have a stirring in their soul and feel that somehow, within the next few weeks, they are going to be transformed into authors. Others take the course because they need to fill their curriculum and think this is an easy ‘A’.
However, writing courses are none of these things. A creative writing course does not teach you how to be creative. Unfortunately, most people learn through the course that you must bring your creativity with you. What most writing courses do teach is organization and the fundamentals of good structure. In other words, they do not teach you how to think, they teach you how to put your thoughts into sentences and paragraphs. They teach you to arrange your ideas logically so that others can understand.
We begin learning these techniques around the third grade in what used to be called English Composition. We were taught the correct formats for writing letters, personal and business, prose, narratives, and poems of various styles. And for some, that was all it took to ignite the fire that would lead to a lifelong obsession with the written word. In the words of the song, “Can’t keep my eyes from the circling sky”.  We took flights of fancy.
Those simple lessons got twisted and turned inside out as our ideas became grander and more complicated. The three basic steps of a beginning, middle, and an end or an introduction, explanation, and a conclusion became unattainable. So we trotted off to writing classes to rekindle those mystic powers we had so long ago. You might detect a sarcastic tone here and think, “This guy thinks he is too good to be taught anything!”
Quite the opposite, if there is any sarcasm in my words, it is because many people try to tout writing courses as more than what they are, a refresher on the basic and mechanics of good writing. I have taken several writing courses over the years, and have toyed with the idea of teaching a course myself. I have also taken a course in journalism, which helped me immensely organizing facts in an order that brings my point out vividly and clearly. I have even taken poetry classes to learn the phonetics of words and the flow of language. And I have been through short story lessons to develop the art of putting down my ideas in a succinct yet rich narrative.
Writing courses are good for every writer. They can teach you plot development, characterization, and thematic presentation, but they cannot make you a writer, that, you must bring into the class. Unlike Learning To Fly, they are not the finale of your career as an author either. Use them as a tool, a building block or whetting stone to sharpen your skills.
I have sat beside many students; from the third grade onwards, who when the teacher put a topic on the board and said, “Write 500 words about this,” saw the color drain from their faces, knowing they were going to get an ‘F’. Just to be clear, if you say, “I don’t know what to write,” a creative writing course cannot help you either.
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Do Writers really need editors?

8/28/2016

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By Athina Paris
 
It is true that most of us aspire for perfection. Obviously, hardly anyone can achieve it. However, repeatedly, things can be improved and anything between good and excellent accomplished, and this is often the case with anyone who has an artistic streak, but particularly true for writers.
 
We would all like to believe that our writing is flawless, our ideas unsurpassed, and our grammar impeccable. But reviews, evaluations, synopses, and anything else that places our work in front of strangers’ eyes quickly tells us that this is not so, that in fact, we have an overabundance of shortcomings. This reality check can produce a number of reactions in a writer. From the teachable, “I’ll keep trying until I get it right” to the hard-headed, “this is what I want to say, I refuse to change a single word”, to anything in between.
 
This is a truth. First, writers are driven to distraction by the voices in their heads, second, by the need to scribble words just about everywhere – serviettes, notebooks, receipts, strips of paper – and third, by talent. And just like any other artist, this talent needs to be honed, so that those scribbles can be turned into works that not only satisfy us but others as well, if our aim is to make them public. Think of the hours every musician, painter, sculptor and actor has invested in his craft. The same goes for writers.
 
Just as the musician needs a producer and an actor a director, so the writer needs an editor. Sure, there are prodigies and geniuses, but those are in the minority, and although there are writers who are competent at editing their own work, there is nothing like an extra pair of eyes for additional assistance. Whereas the writer is the creator of his own piece, an editor is the polisher, so see it as a partnership – the pot-maker produces the pot and another smoothes out the rough edges and varnishes it.
 
It is possible to edit one’s own work, many writers do it successfully, but they have learnt to separate the two activities/entities and discovered how to listen to the voice that makes the most sense. Yet, there is nothing like getting a second opinion, just as one would when confronted with a serious illness. Our writing is serious business, why would we not want to discover if there are plot holes, incorrect descriptions, character deviations, and setting muddles? Not to mention grammar and spelling anomalies. And do not imagine that anyone is above errors, because although good editors hold themselves to high standards and aspire to help produce as perfect a manuscript as possible, they too make occasional mistakes and inevitable slipups.
 
The writer and editor should be on an equal level regarding the story. What I mean here is; if you are a fantasy writer, look for an editor who is well-versed in the same, as the shared interest will be an advantage, although, an editor does not need to like your work to do a good job. But an editor who is familiar with the fantasy genre understands world-building, made-up terms and exotic life forms and steps in with his/her primary function in mind, which is to check spelling, grammar, and continuity, not to try change the storytelling.
 
Unless there is proof of plot loss, deviations and confusion, an editor stays away from the fundamental tale, merely there to guide the writer in producing clearer material. Conversely, having an editor does not mean you never read or revise your own work. Naturally, you should. Proofreading, typesetting, and doing basic edits is necessary to find those sneaky mistakes each writer tends to have difficulty with. Some can be excellent spellers but have a problem with sentence construction or punctuation and revision often brings these drawbacks to the fore.
 
As you can see, an editor’s duty is to ensure the quality of your work, and to suggest improvements where and when necessary. Many writers want to be in the business of writing and find it difficult to deal with the technical side of things; formatting, typesetting, grammar, spelling, dialogue… it can all sound like a foreign language. So this is where a close working relationship comes in. The writer must feel that the editor ‘gets’ him, and the editor enjoys a writer who welcomes challenges and is willing to accept a new perspective.
 
Being an editor involves more than having read many books, receiving a good education, perhaps also having taught, and including an excellent command of grammar; in other words, although all those are plusses, it is also a talent. Editing fiction entails knowledge of current trends and frequently countless years of writing as well, as many editors are writers themselves. I have often heard that writers are schizophrenics who self-medicate. Ditto for editors, as they often sit long hours into the night pondering the merits of A versus B, having conversations with themselves about a manuscript that would be equally excellent whether the protagonist went left or right.
 
Everyone feels that their work is better than someone else’s, unique, and that publishers and editors alike should realize it the moment it lands on their desks. There is fantasy and reality but some writers have not yet learnt to distinguish the two and react negatively when receiving a less than glowing critique. There is taste, preference and subjectivity but there are also ground rules and editors know how they apply to plot, language, tone, and the essentials that can make or break a book. Why then seek an editor and afterwards refuse to change anything? And suggestions are just that, they do not have to be followed. Ultimately, it is the writer’s prerogative to do as he pleases. To have the final say in what goes and what stays.
 
Overall, editors try to exercise good judgment, make helpful suggestions, and offer appropriate advice while keeping track of a writer’s preferred plan for his tale. A manuscript is sacred, and I never consider changing one beyond recognition. Instead, I see the opportunity to work with the writer as a time of creation, with the objective of turning it into a work that is concise, clear, pleasing, and possibly a great work of art.
 
I conclude with a quote from Dr Martin Luther King Jr. “Nothing in all the world is more dangerous than sincere ignorance and conscientious stupidity.” He may have been alluding to a political atmosphere, but it rings true for most walks of life, and never more so than when it comes to an artist’s content, as he often feel that no one can touch his ‘baby’, because his ‘baby’, is perfect.

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    James L Hill (J L Hill) author and publisher of Adult Fiction - not for those under 18 or the faint of heart, Fantasy, and Science Fiction.
    Athina Paris author of romance and contemporary fiction, editor of all form of literature.

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